外国企业常驻代表机构登记管理办法(附英文)
国家工商局
外国企业常驻代表机构登记管理办法(附英文)
一九八三年三月五日国务院批准
第一条 为了对外国企业及其他外国经济组织在中国设立的常驻代表机构进行登记管理，保障其正当业务活动，根据《中华人民共和国国务院关于管理外国企业常驻代表机构的暂行规定》（以下简称《暂行规定》），制定本办法。
第二条 按照《暂行规定》第四条经批准的外国企业及其他外国经济组织的常驻代表机构（以下简称外国企业常驻代表机构），依照本办法办理登记。
第三条 外国企业常驻代表机构，应当是从事非直接经营活动的代表机构。但是，两国政府已有协议规定的，按其规定办理。
第四条 外国企业常驻代表机构登记机关是中华人民共和国国家工商行政管理局。国家工商行政管理局委托省、自治区、直辖市工商行政管理局办理登记手续。
第五条 外国企业常驻代表机构登记的主要事项有：机构名称、驻在地址、代表人数和姓名、业务范围、驻在期限。
第六条 外国企业及其他经济组织，申请在中华人民共和国境内设立常驻代表机构的报告经批准机关批准后，须在批准之日起三十日内，向所在省、自治区、直辖市工商行政管理局办理登记。
第七条 外国企业及其他经济组织申请办理常驻代表机构登记时，须提交下列证件：
（一）中华人民共和国批准机关的批准证件；
（二）《暂行规定》第三条规定的证件和材料。
第八条 登记机关对外国企业及其他经济组织申请办理常驻代表机构登记所提交的证件，经审查符合本办法的，准予办理登记，收取登记费，发给登记证和代表证。
外国企业常驻代表机构凭批准证件和登记证、代表证到公安、银行、海关、税务等部门办理居留及其他有关事宜。
第九条 从登记机关核准登记之日起，外国企业常驻代表机构即告正式成立。其机构和代表的正当业务活动受中华人民共和国法律保护。
未经批准、登记的，不得开展外国企业常驻代表机构的业务活动。
第十条 外国企业常驻代表机构聘请工作人员，必须按照《暂行规定》第十一条规定办理，并须及时报登记机关备案。
第十一条 外国企业常驻代表机构登记证的有效期限为一年。逾期需要继续常驻的，必须办理延期登记。
外国企业常驻代表机构办理延期登记，必须在期满前三十日内，向登记机关提交年度业务活动情况报告（中文本）及延期申请书；如果批准机关批准的驻在期限届满，还须提交原批准机关的延期批准证件，填写延期登记表。经登记机关核准后，缴回原登记证，领取新登记证。
第十二条 外国企业常驻代表机构变更机构名称、代表人数和姓名、业务范围、驻在地址时，应向登记机关提交变更登记申请书和批准机关的批准证件，办理变更登记。
更换代表时，须提交派出代表的外国企业或者其他外国经济组织对新任代表的授权书及其简历。
第十三条 外国企业常驻代表机构驻在期满或者提前终止业务活动或者派出企业宣告破产时，应向登记机关办理注销登记手续。在办理注销登记时，须提交税务部门、银行、海关出具的税务、债务和其他有关事宜清理完结的证件，准予注销，缴销登记证。
如有未了事宜，原申请设立常驻代表机构的外国企业及其他外国经济组织，必须继续承担清理责任。
第十四条 中华人民共和国国家工商行政管理局和省、自治区、直辖市工商行政管理局，有权在本办法规定范围内对外国企业常驻代表机构的活动进行监督检查。
在执行监督检查职务时，工商行政管理局工作人员须出示专用工作证。外国企业常驻代表机构必须据实报告，并提供有关资料和情况，不得拒绝或者隐瞒。
第十五条 外国企业常驻代表机构违反本办法有下列情形之一的，国家工商行政管理局根据情节轻重分别给予下列处罚：
（一）外国企业常驻代表机构违反本办法第三条规定直接从事经营活动的，责令其停止经营活动，并处以人民币两万元以下罚款。
（二）应该办理变更登记而不办理擅自改变原登记事项的，或者应该办理注销登记而不办理的，经查实后给予通告，情节严重的，处以人民币五千元以下罚款，直至吊销登记证。
外国企业常驻代表机构从事投机诈骗等违法活动的，登记机关应依法没收其非法所得的全部财物并处以罚款，直至吊销登记证。触犯中华人民共和国刑法的，送司法机关依法处理。
第十六条 外国企业及其他经济组织未经批准、登记，擅自从事常驻代表机构业务活动的，责令其停止业务活动，并处以人民币一万元以下罚款。
第十七条 外国企业及其他外国经济组织申请在中华人民共和国境内派驻常驻代表的，亦按照本办法办理登记。
第十八条 华侨、港澳同胞经营的公司、企业申请在国内设立常驻代表机构的，参照本办法办理登记，领取华侨、港澳企业常驻代表机构登记证。
第十九条 在国外的中外合资企业，经批准在国内设立代表机构的，也参照本办法办理登记。
第二十条 本办法自一九八三年三月十五日施行。(附英文)
MEASURES FOR ADMINISTRATION OF REGISTRATION OF RESIDENT OFFICES OFFOREIGN ENTERPRISES
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
MEASURES FOR ADMINISTRATION OF REGISTRATION OF RESIDENT OFFICES OF
FOREIGN ENTERPRISES
(Approved by the State Council on March 5, 1983, promulgated by
the State Administration for Industry and Commerce on March 15, 1983)
Article 1
In accordance with the Interim Provisions of the State Council of the
People's Republic of China Concerning the Control of Resident Offices of
Foreign Enterprises in China (hereinafter referred to as "the Interim
Provisions"), these Measures are formulated to carry out the registration
administration of resident offices in China of foreign enterprises and
other economic organizations and to enable them to conduct their
legitimate business activities.
Article 2
Resident offices of foreign enterprises in China and other economic
organizations (hereinafter referred to as "resident offices of foreign
enterprises"), which have been approved in accordance with Article 4 of
the Interim Provisions, shall go through the registration procedures
prescribed in these Measures.
Article 3
Resident offices of foreign enterprises shall be understood as those
engaging in non-direct-profit-making operations. But, for those provided
for in the agreements between the Chinese government and the governments
of their countries of origin, they shall be dealt with accordingly.
Article 4
The State Administration for Industry and Commerce of the People's
Republic of China is the organ for the registration of resident offices of
foreign enterprises. It shall empower the administrative departments for
industry and commerce in the provinces, autonomous regions and the
municipalities directly under the Central Government to handle the
registration procedures.
Article 5
The main items to be registered for the resident office of a foreign
enterprise are: name of the office, address of residence, number of
representatives and their names, business scope and period of residence.
Article 6
Foreign enterprises and other economic organizations shall go through the
prescribed registration procedures at the administrative departments for
industry and commerce in the provinces, autonomous regions and the
municipalities directly under the Central Government where the said
offices are to be located within 30 days from the date when their
applications for setting up resident offices within the territory of the
People's Republic of China are approved by the approving authorities.
Article 7
A foreign enterprise or an economic organization shall submit the
following documents in applying for the registration of a resident office:
1. the approval document issued by the approving authorities of the
People's Republic of China;
2. the documents and data as listed in Article 3 of the Interim
Provisions.
Article 8
If the documents submitted by a foreign enterprise or an economic
organization for registration are established as conforming to these
Measures through examination, the registration office shall grant
permission to register and issue a certificate of registration and
certificates for the representatives after the registration fee is paid.
The resident office of a foreign enterprise shall, on the strength of the
document of approval, certificate of registration and certificates for the
representatives, register with the public security organ, banks and the
Customs and tax authorities and other departments for residence permits
and other related matters.
Article 9
The resident office of a foreign enterprise is deemed as formally
established from the date of its registration and the legitimate
activities of the said office and its representatives shall therefrom be
protected by the laws of the People's Republic of China.
A resident office that has not been approved and registered shall not
proceed with its business activities.
Article 10
In engaging the service of Chinese personnel, the resident office of a
foreign enterprise must follow the provisions prescribed in Article 11 of
the Interim Provisions and promptly report this to the registration
authorities for the record.
Article 11
The registration certificate for the resident office of a foreign
enterprise is valid for a period of one year. The said office must, upon
the end of the period, renew the aforesaid document if it wishes to
continue its residence.
To renew its registration, the resident office of a foreign enterprise
must, within 30 days before the date of the expiry of its certificate of
registration, submit to the registration authorities an annual report of
its business operations (in Chinese) and an application for renewal. In
case where the term of residence approved for a resident office expires,
the document of approval for renewal issued by the same authorities must
also be submitted at the time of renewing the registration and a form for
renewal shall be filled out. After examination by the registration office,
the original certificate shall be turned in and a new certificate of
registration shall be issued.
Article 12
When the resident office of a foreign enterprise wishes to make
alterations with regard to the name of the office, the number of
representatives and their names, the scope of business and the address of
the resident office, an application for alterations shall be filed with
the registration office together with the document of approval issued by
the approving authorities before going through the prescribed procedure
for alterations. Where there is a change of representatives, a power of
attorney issued by the foreign enterprise or economic organization shall
be submitted together with the resumes of the new representatives.
Article 13
If the resident office of a foreign enterprise desires to terminate its
business operations upon or before the expiration of the term of
residence, or the enterprise represented by the office declares
bankruptcy, it shall go through the deregistration procedure at the
registration office. In going through the deregistration procedure,
documents issued by the tax authorities, banks and Customs to certify the
clearing up of taxes, liabilities and other related matters shall be
produced before approval is granted for the deregistration and the
cancellation of the certificate of registration. Should the said office
leave any matter unsettled, the foreign enterprise or economic
organization the office represents shall be held responsible for the
settlement of that matter.
Article 14
The State Administration for Industry and Commerce of the People's
Republic of China and the administrative departments for industry and
commerce in the provinces, autonomous regions and the municipalities
directly under the Central Government are entitled to supervise and check
on the business activities of the resident offices of foreign enterprises
in accordance with the stipulations in these Measures.
In carrying out the check-up and supervision, the staff members of the
said departments shall present identification cards specially issued for
that purpose. The resident offices must report honestly and provide such
information and data as required. Refusal to report or holding back
information shall not be allowed.
Article 15
Any of the following violations of the provisions in these Measures shall
be punished by the State Administration for Industry and Commerce
according to the seriousness of the case:
1. The resident office of a foreign enterprise proven to have engaged in
direct profit-making operations in violation of the provisions of Article
3 of these Measures shall be ordered to stop its business operations and
be punished concurrently with a fine of 20,000 yuan (RMB) or less.
2. The resident office of a foreign enterprise proven to have altered any
item registered without going through the required procedure or failed to
deregister when it ought to shall be given a notice of warning which is to
be circulated. For more serious cases, a fine of up to 5,000 yuan (RMB) or
less shall be imposed or even the registration certificate be revoked.
When the resident office of a foreign enterprise is found to have engaged
in speculation, frauds and other unlawful activities, all the proceeds and
properties thus obtained shall be confiscated in addition to a fine or
even the revocation of the registration certificate on the merit of the
case. Cases that violate the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of
China shall be dealt with by the judicial organs according to law.
Article 16
A foreign enterprise or other economic organizations engaging, without
authorization, in business operations only allowed for resident offices
shall be ordered to stop such activities and a fine of 10,000 yuan (RMB)
or less shall be imposed in addition.
Article 17
These Measures also apply to foreign enterprises and other economic
organizations applying for accrediting their resident representatives
within the boundaries of the People's Republic of China.
Article 18
Companies and other enterprises run by overseas Chinese or by compatriots
from Hong Kong and Macao, when applying for the establishment of resident
offices, shall go through registration procedures with reference to these
Measures so as to obtain registration certificates for the resident
offices of overseas Chinese enterprises and enterprises in Hong Kong and
Macao.
Article 19
Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures operating outside China which have
been approved to establish resident offices in China shall also go through
registration procedures with reference to these Measures.
Article 20
These Measures shall go into effect as of March 15, 1983.
在法学发展史上，自然法学派一直主张法是有其价值追求的，那就是正义、自由等等。自然法学说的理论框架主要有三个支点：第一，人类所共有的权利或正义体系就是自然法，自然法是指普遍的、人类共有的法律。自然法学强调法律的统一性并把法律统一的基础归结为正义、平等、自由、幸福、尊严、权利等；第二，强调国家制定或认可的实在法应该属于作为权利或正义体系的自然法，自然法凌驾于实在法之上，具有支配实在法的效力，实在法如果与自然法相抵触就必须修改或废除以满足自然法的要求；第三，自然法本身是由永恒的、先验的、普遍适用的一般原则构成，或说是被理性的自然之光照亮了的各种原则构成的，因此，它不具有实在法普遍采纳的成文形式和国家强制。
由于自然法学派与分析实证主义法学派在历史上曾进行过不少次争论，人们似乎以为分析法学派是否认法有价值的问题。分析法学认为自然法学混淆了法律与道德，进而提出法学的研究对象只能是实在法，也就是通常所说的“恶法亦法”的道理。奥斯丁曾指出：法律的存在是一回事，而它的优点、缺点又是一回事。它是不是法律是一回事，而它是否适合于人们想象的标准，这又是另一回事。显然，奥斯丁反对把道德标准作为法律的内在条件，法律价值问题是以承认法律有价值为前提，因而没有必要成为法学研究的领域，因此他的观点在我看来并不是不承认法的价值问题，而是说法的价值问题无需成为法学的问题，可以说无论什么样的法学流派最终都在一定意义上承认或研究法的价值问题。
法的价值的研究，经过了千百年的凝练，固化了秩序、自由、效率和正义等几种基本价值形式。秩序指在社会中存在着某种程度的关系的稳定性、进程的连续性、行为的规则性以及财产和心理的安全性。在文明社会中，法律是预防脱序、制止无序状态的首要的、经常起作用的手段，法律是秩序得以建立和维护的最重要的手段。法律意义上的自由是哲学上自由的一个具体领域，它乃是个人与社会之间的关系性范畴，它意味着人们做法律所允许的一切事情的权利。所以，孟德斯鸠指出：自由是做法律许可的一切事情的权利，如果一个公民能够做法律所禁止的事情，他就不再有自由了，因为其他的人同样会有这个权利。效率或效益一词可以在多种意义上使用，本来是经济学领域的概念，如提高经济效率，后来为法学界所借用，追求效率成为法的重要价值目标，通常可以归结为一个基本意义，从一个给定的投入量中获得最大的产出，即以最少的资源消耗取得同样多的效果，或以同样的资源消耗取得最大的效果。正义、公正、公平等是含义基本相同的概念，它们所表达的是人类所追求的一种理想状态，是一种社会伦理观念。社会正义现象是十分复杂的，正如博登海默所指出的，正义具有一张普洛透斯似的脸，变幻无常，随时可呈不同的形状，并具有极不相同的面貌。马克思主义认为，正义是由一定社会经济基础所决定的社会正当性的观念和制度，它是社会制度正义和主体行为正义的有机的统一。
（一）法的价值即是法对于人的价值。发展与解放全人类是无产阶级的伟大理想。真正的法的价值是谋求人的发展与解放的，否则就是法的价值的畸变，就应当为我们所屏弃。凡是与人的发展与解放背道而驰的法的追求，就不是真正的法的追求，也不是真正的法的价值。任何忽视人与抹杀人的法都是对于法的价值的反动。通俗的说,就是法的价值决定了法要走进百姓生活要平民化.
(二). 构建和谐社会的需要，构建社会主义和谐社会是一项系统工程，需要各个方面的配合。其中，法律的支撑—保障公民的基本权利、平衡各社会主体的利益关系、维护社会公平正义，对和谐社会的构建具有基础性的意义。
秩序是法律价值的核心，又是和谐社会最本质的内涵，以科学发展观为指导完善立法及其体系，严格法律实施，是构建和谐社会的基础。
秩序是构成人类理想的要素，同时也是人类社会活动的基本目标，法律在建立和维护秩序的过程中成为秩序的象征。法律所追求的秩序，在社会中承载着关系的稳定性、进程的连续性、行为的规则性，以及财产和心理的安全性等功能。社会主义和谐社会的本质内涵，就是实现法律所追求的社会秩序，就是要形成民主法治、安定有序、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、人与自然和谐相处的社会状态，并且这种状态要以一种过程的形式持续存在。这是和谐社会之要义和基本特征。法律是社会两大调控系统之一，在调控社会关系、实现社会和谐方面，是其他任何方法和手段都不可能取代的。法律作为消除无序状态或预防无序状态的首要的、经常起作用的手段，对社会主义和谐社会的构建具有基础性意义。因此，构建社会主义和谐社会需要法律的支撑。
发挥法律在构建社会主义和谐社会中的作用，最基本的方面是要维护和保障人权，平衡各类社会主体的利益，实现社会公平正义。
第一、依法保障人权是实现以人为本、促进人的全面发展，完善社会主义民主和法治的根本途径。尊重和保障人权是人类文明的标志，也是一切进步的法的基本特征。一般意义上的人权是人的价值的社会承认，是人区别于动物的观念上的、道德上的、政治上的、法律上的标准。法律意义上的人权，是指那些关于人的先天既有和后天能够实现的价值在法律上的一般承认。新中国成立以来人权一直以公民的基本权利为其表现形式，2004年修宪将保障人权直接写进了宪法，对我国和谐社会的构建具有重要意义。
人权的本质属性表现为利益，包括物质形态和精神形态的利益。人权所体现的利益具有道德性，符合道德的一般标准，即既是利己的，又是无害于人的。维护和保障人权能从根本上协调人与人的利益关系，充分尊重人的利益和要求，有利于人的自由而全面的发展；人权有建立秩序和消除暴力的功能，创造和谐而不是冲突是人权的内在要求。人权创造的和谐，在政治上表现为民主，法律上表现为法治。而民主法治是社会主义和谐社会的最高表现。只有依法保障人权，才能实现社会主义的民主法治。在构建社会主义和谐社会过程中，保障人权根本上在于保障人民—国家权力所有者的地位，保证国家制定的法律、政策能够充分体现人民的意志和利益。在社会生活中具体表现为要尊重并维护公民的政治权利和自由、社会知情权、社会参与权、民主监督权以及社会经济和文化权利，协调人与人的利益关系，调动社会各方面的积极因素；还要运用法律将人权保障定型化，保证整个社会的运转服从于法律至高无上的权威，彻底消除特权，做到法律高于人情、高于权力，真正用法律保障人权，协调人与人的关系，维护社会和谐。为此,必须从宪政保障、立法、行政保护、司法救济诸方面下大工夫维护人权。
第二、运用法律协调各社会主体的利益关系，有利于建立安定有序、人与自然和谐相处基础上的充满活力的和谐社会。利益作为基于现实条件下的客观需要，对法律起着决定性的作用，也即利益制约影响法律；而法律一旦形成则对利益具有能动的反作用。利益平衡是法律的基本功能，在社会主义社会条件下构建和谐社会，必须从人民的利益出发，协调社会生活中日益复杂的利益冲突，平衡社会主体的各种利益关系。通过制定完善的法律制度，确认、界定、分配各种利益，协调社会利益关系，保障、促进社会各主体利益的实现，特别是对新生利益以及社会弱势群体利益的确认和保护，要充分发挥法律的利益协调作用。当前，构建和谐社会，一是必须从改善民生入手，依法最大限度地将财政支出的重点向“三农”倾斜，向社会弱势群体倾斜，向社会公共服务设施倾斜，并建立起相应的法律保障机制。二是要重视环境、资源、生态安全等问题，将它们提到国家安全的高度来认识，建立和完善环境资源保护、生态安全等方面的法律，建立生态环保型、资源节约型社会，实现人与自然关系的协调。
第三、以法律为保障是实现社会公平正义、培育诚信友爱社会风尚不可或缺的手段。公平正义是法律固有的品质，公平正义也只有通过良好的法律才能实现。构建和谐社会必须以保障社会全体人民的利益为出发点，通过宪法和法律制度配置、设计权利义务的方式，确认他们应享有法律地位的权利和应履行的义务，保障他们应享有的社会及经济、文化等方面的权利，保障社会主体平等地享有权利、平等地履行义务，使社会正义真正落到实处。在此基础上，培育和发扬诚信友爱社会风尚，使社会发展实现从法律到道德的飞跃，向更文明的高度迈进。
